Donatello also developed his own style of relief known as schiacciato "flattened out". This technique involved extremely shallow carving and utilized light and shadow to create the full pictorial scene. Born : c. Ghiberti had won the commission to make the bronze doors of the Baptistery of the cathedral in Florence in , and Donatello very likely assisted him on this project. The earliest work that can definitely be attributed to him, a marble statue of David, shows the clear artistic influence of Ghiberti and the "International Gothic" style, but he soon developed a powerful style of his own.
By , Donatello had mastered the art of sculpting in bronze. Sometime around , he was commissioned to create a bronze statue of David, although who his patron may have been is up for debate. The David is the first large-scale, free-standing nude statue of the Renaissance.
In , Donatello went to Padua to construct a bronze equestrian statue of a famous, recently-deceased Venetian condottiere, Erasmo da Narmi. The pose and the powerful style of the piece would influence equestrian monuments for centuries to come.
Upon returning to Florence, Donatello discovered that a new generation of sculptors had overtaken the Florentine art scene with excellent marble works. His heroic style had been eclipsed in his home city, but he still received commissions from outside Florence, and he remained fairly productive until he died at about aged eighty. Although scholars know a good deal about Donatello's life and career, his character is difficult to assess.
He never got married, but he had many friends in the arts. He did not receive a formal higher education, but he acquired considerable knowledge of ancient sculpture. At a time when an artist's work was regulated by guilds, he had the temerity to demand a certain amount of freedom of interpretation.
Donatello was greatly inspired by ancient art, and much of his work would embody the spirit of classical Greece and Rome, but he was spiritual as well as innovative, and he took his art to a level that would see few rivals besides Michelangelo.
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These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Donatello was educated at the home of the Martelli's, a wealthy and influential Florentine family of bankers and art patrons closely tied to the Medici family.
It was here that Donatello probably first received artistic training from a local goldsmith. He learned metallurgy and the fabrication of metals and other substances.
In , he apprenticed with Florence metalsmith and sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti. A few years later, Ghiberti was commissioned to create the bronze doors for the Baptistery of the Florence Cathedral, beating out rival artist Filippo Brunelleschi. Donatello assisted Ghiberti in creating the cathedral doors. There are accounts by some historians that Donatello and Brunelleschi struck up a friendship around and traveled to Rome to study classical art.
Details of the trip are not well known, but it is believed that the two artists gained valuable knowledge excavating the ruins of classical Rome. The experience gave Donatello a deep understanding of ornamentation and classic forms, important knowledge that would eventually change the face of 15th-century Italian art.
By , Donatello was back in Florence at the workshops of the cathedral. That year, he completed the life-sized marble sculpture, David. The figure follows a Gothic style, popular at the time, with long graceful lines and an expressionless face. The work reflects the influences of sculptors of the time.
Originally, the sculpture was intended for placement in the cathedral. Instead, however, it was set up in the Palazzo Vecchio the town hall as an inspiring symbol of defiance of authority to Florentines, who were engaged in a struggle with the king of Naples at the time. Rapidly maturing in his art, Donatello soon began to develop a style all his own, with figures much more dramatic and emotional. Between and , he sculpted the marble figure St. In , Donatello completed the marble statue of a seated St.
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