Where does it grow? Reed canary grass is found throughout Wisconsin. It will be among the first plants to grow in moist areas following ground disturbance. It thrives in disturbed areas, especially in shallow water wetlands high in nutrients and sediment from agricultural and urban runoff. How does it spread? Reed canary grass produces enormous quantities of seed that germinate in disturbed soil or float downstream to colonize stream banks.
Phalaris arundinacea. Invasive implications. There are conflicting reports as to whether reed canary grass is native to specific areas of the Northwest or introduced from Eurasia by Euro-American settlers.
Regardless, it is evident that Phalaris arundinacea has hybridized with introduced variations of this species, creating numerous strains that grow under a wide range of environmental conditions. To complicate matters, reed canary grass is still widely used for pastures and soil-erosion prevention and is common in grass seed mixes.
Consequently, this cool-season perennial has run rampant in southern B. Reed canary grass is very aggressive and capable of rapid and near total dominance over native wetland plant communities.
It is particularly threatening to disturbed sites where it can single-handedly transform stream dynamics, preventing the establishment of deep-rooted trees and shrubs. Successful control of reed canary grass requires shading with native competitors as this weed grows poorly in dense vegetation. However, establishing native species in a monoculture of reed canary grass is an arduous task requiring persistent efforts and commitment from local volunteers, government agencies, and others.
Spring Summer Late Summer Winter emerge a deep green colour rapidly grows vertically for next weeks colour lightens in summer with tan seed heads reaches heights of up to 2m grass begins to brown and die, seeds disperse via wind grass brown and often flattened through flooding Leaves Stem Inflorescence.
Similar Plants. Reed canary grass closely resembles orchard grass Dactylis glomerata. Reed canary grass leaves are wider, the inflorescence is more narrow and pointed, and the individual flowers have a different shape see King Country Noxious Control. Key Features. Phalaris arundinacea prefers full sun in moist to wet habitats, growing vigorously in poorly drained areas.
It can withstand extended periods of both flood and drought conditions can be submerged up to 50 days. Reed canary grass dominates native plants and has excessive capabilities to do so when exposed to moderate nitrates from fertilizer run-off in agricultural areas. This grass also has an extraordinary ability to tolerate large quantities of heavy metals and minerals that may be toxic to other plants.
Roots : Reproduces vegetatively through horizontal stems growing below the soil surface, called rhizomes, creating a thick impenetrable mat at or directly below the soil surface. Reed canary grass can grow on dry soils in upland habitats and in the partial shade of oak woodlands, but does best on fertile, moist organic soils in full sun.
It is a major problem in natural wetlands and invaded areas are of decreased value to wildlife. Although reed canary grass produces large amounts of seed its highest success rates for reproduction are from rhizomes. How to identify reed canary grass Reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea is a perennial cool season grass that grows two to six feet high. Prefers moist soils such as ditches, stream banks and wetlands, but can also grow in upland areas. Stem Hairless, hollow, smooth, rounded. Leaves Rough texture, one fourth to one third inches wide, gradually tapering, up to ten inches long.
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